LS-DYNA ICFD 不可压缩流隐式求解器用于模拟分析瞬态和稳态、不可压、黏性流体动力学现象。目前已实现 RANS k-epsilon 和 Smagorinsky LES 模型。可对流体域自动划分四面体非结构化网格,适合于解决稳态、涡流、边界层效应以及其他长时流体问题。
ICFD 求解器还可以采用 ALE 网格运动方法和网格自适应技术解决流体与结构之间的强耦合问题。ICFD 求解器的典型应用包括汽车流畅分析、飞机空投、船舶流体动力学、地面车辆、旗帜在风中摆动、血管中血液流动、肺中气体流动、心脏瓣膜开合、医疗器械设计分析、结构低速入水分析。这些问题中,马赫数小于 0.3。
介绍一些 ICFD 的典型算例。
通过使用关键字 ICFD_CONTROL_IMPOSED_MOVE,可以直接强加整个体积网格的位移。在晃动类型的计算案例中可能会遇到此配置。
当前输入平台是 ICFD_CONTROL_IMPOSED_MOVE 结合自由表面配置的简单示例。
计算结果如图所示:
仿真使用到的关键之如下:
$----------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ $ Example provided by Iñaki (LSTC) $ $ E-Mail: info@dynamore.de $ Web: http://www.dynamore.de $ $ Copyright, 2015 DYNAmore GmbH $ Copying for non-commercial usage allowed if $ copy bears this notice completely. $ $X------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $X $X 1. Run file as is. $X Requires LS-DYNA MPP R9.0.0 (or higher) with double precision $X $X------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $# UNITS: kg/m/s $X------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $X *keyword *TITLE ICFD Sloshing with global imposed move *INCLUDE mesh.k $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 $ $ $ PARAMETERS $ $ $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 *PARAMETER R T_end 1.0 R dt_plot 0.02 $ $--- Fluid $ R v_in 1. R v_back -1. Rrho_fluid 1000 R mu_fluid 0.001 R dt_fluid 0.020 R grav 9.81 $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 $ $ $ ICFD CONTROL CARDS $ $ $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 *ICFD_CONTROL_TIME $# ttm dt &T_end &dt_fluid *ICFD_CONTROL_IMPOSED_MOVE $# pid lcidvx 0 1 *DEFINE_CURVE_TITLE Velocity imposed $# lcid sidr sfa sfo offa offo dattyp 1 $# a1 o1 0.0 &v_in 0.5 &v_in 0.52 &v_back 0.80 &v_back 0.82 0 2.00 0 $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 $ $ $ ICFD PARTS/ SECTION/ MATERIAL $ $ $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 *ICFD_SECTION $# sid 1 *ICFD_MAT $# mid flg ro vis 1 1&rho_fluid &mu_fluid *ICFD_MAT $# mid flg ro vis 2 0 *ICFD_PART $# pid secid mid 1 1 1 *ICFD_PART $# pid secid mid 2 1 2 *ICFD_PART $# pid secid mid 3 1 1 *ICFD_PART_VOL $# pid secid mid 10 1 1 $# spid1 spid2 1 3 *ICFD_PART_VOL $# pid secid mid 20 1 2 $# spid1 spid2 2 3 $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 $ $ $ ICFD BOUNDARY/INITIAL/LOAD CONDITIONS $ $ $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 *ICFD_BOUNDARY_nonSLIP $# pid 1 *ICFD_BOUNDARY_NONSLIP $# pid 2 *LOAD_BODY_Z $# lcid sf 2 1 *DEFINE_CURVE_TITLE Gravity force $# lcid sidr sfa sfo offa offo dattyp 2 &grav $# a1 o1 0.0 1.0 10000.0 1.0 $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 $ $ $ ICFD MESH KEYWORDS $ $ $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 *MESH_VOLUME $# volid 10 $# pid1 pid2 1 2 *MESH_INTERF $# volid 10 $# pid1 3 $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 $ $ $ DATABASE (OUTPUT) $ $ $ $---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8 *DATABASE_BINARY_d3plot &dt_plot *END
该案例模拟了水柱对刚性障碍物的冲击,并将结果与经验进行了比较。请注意,底部有一层薄薄的湿液体。警告:网格很好,在这种情况下建议使用 8 个 CPU 或更多。
计算结果如图所示:
仿真使用到的关键字如下:
$-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
$
$ Example provided by Iñaki (LSTC)
$
$ E-Mail: info@dynamore.de
$ Web: http://www.dynamore.de
$
$ Copyright, 2015 DYNAmore GmbH
$ Copying for non-commercial usage allowed if
$ copy bears this notice completely.
$
$X------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$X
$X 1. Run file as is.
$X Requires LS-DYNA MPP R8.0.0 (or higher) with double precision
$X
$X------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$# UNITS: (kg/m/s)
$X------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$X
*keyword
*TITLE
ICFD Water impact on rigid column
*INCLUDE
mesh.k
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
$ $
$ PARAMETERS $
$ $
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
*PARAMETER
R T_end 3.0
R dt_plot 0.05
$
$--- Fluid
$
Rrho_fluid 1000
R mu_fluid 0.001
R dt_fluid 0.000
Rcfl_fluid 0.90
R grav 9.81
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
$ $
$ ICFD CONTROL CARDS $
$ $
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
*ICFD_CONTROL_TIME
$# ttm dt cfl
&T_end &dt_fluid&cfl_fluid
*ICFD_CONTROL_OUTPUT
$# msgl
4
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
$ $
$ ICFD PARTS/ SECTION/ MATERIAL $
$ $
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
*ICFD_SECTION
$# sid
1
*ICFD_MAT
$# mid flg ro vis
1 1&rho_fluid &mu_fluid
*ICFD_MAT
$# mid flg
2 0
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
1 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
2 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
3 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
4 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
5 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
6 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
7 1 2
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
8 1 2
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
9 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
10 1 2
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
11 1 1
*ICFD_PART
$# pid secid mid
12 1 2
*ICFD_PART_VOL
$# pid secid mid
13 1 1
$# spid1 spid2 spid3 spid4 spid5 spid6 spid7 spid8
1 2 3 4 5 6 9 11
*ICFD_PART_VOL
$# pid secid mid
14 1 2
$# spid1 spid2 spid3 spid4 spid5 spid6 spid7 spid8
6 7 8 10 12
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
$ $
$ ICFD BOUNDARY/INITIAL/LOAD CONDITIONS $
$ $
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
1
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_NONSLIP
$# pid
2
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
3
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
4
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
5
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
7
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
8
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
9
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_NONSLIP
$# pid
10
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_NONSLIP
$# pid
11
*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP
$# pid
12
*LOAD_BODY_Z
$# lcid sf
1 1
*DEFINE_CURVE_TITLE
Gravity force
$# lcid sidr sfa sfo offa offo dattyp
1 &grav
$# a1 o1
0.0 1.0
10000.0 1.0
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
$ $
$ ICFD MESH KEYWORDS $
$ $
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
*MESH_VOLUME
$# volid
30
$# pid1 pid2 pid3 pid4 pid5 pid6 pid7 pid8
1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9
$# pid10 pid11 pid12
10 11 12
*MESH_INTERF
$# volid
30
$# pid1
6
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
$ $
$ DATABASE (OUTPUT) $
$ $
$---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8
*DATABASE_BINARY_d3plot
&dt_plot
*ICFD_DATABASE_DRAG
$# pid
10
*ICFD_DATABASE_DRAG
$# pid
11
*ICFD_DATABASE_POINTOUT
$# outlv dt
1 5e-3
$# pid x y z
1 0.846 0. 0.026
*END
在该示例中,血液流过动脉。已选择 Carrreau 非牛顿模型对血液进行建模。Windkessel 类型的边界条件已施加到不同的血管出口,象征着外部血液负荷。当使用该边界条件时,将施加总通量和某些回路参数的函数压力。在电气模拟中,压力代表标量势,通量代表总流量。
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